In agriculture, the fastest and steadiest growth has been in organic farming. It has shown consistent progress for the past 10 years. In 2009, the sale of organic fruits and vegetables showed over an 11 percent increase from the previous year. By 2008, certified organic acreage in the United States reached almost five million acres; California was the lead state, with well over 400 thousand acres of cropland.
In 1990, Congress passed the Organic Foods Production Act after requests and petitions from numerous organic industries. Among the petitioners were the American Farm Bureau, National Association of State Departments of Agriculture, and the Center for Science in the Public Interest.
The Organic Foods Production Act is based on federal regulations that set the definition for organic farming methods, and on acceptable organic production inputs, from a national list. The intent was to set a standardized, minimum set of rules for all organic producers to follow. By 1993, the program was implemented; however, due to a lack of funding it had a slow start. After 1994 the funding was available and the program took off.
Strict laws and regulations must be followed for a grower to be certified as organic, additionally, they are inspected every year. Crops have to be grown on land that is free of pesticides and other listed substances, for at least three years previous to harvest. Other standards include careful oversight of soil richness, and proper manure disposal.
States with large amounts of certified organic cropland include Montana, Wisconsin, Minnesota and North Dakota. California leads all the states with more than 400 thousand acres. Vegetable stats show organic carrots make up 25 percent of the entire carrot crop produced, and organic lettuce represents about 8 percent of all lettuce acreage.
